# 3.8.5: 碰撞检测 (Detect Collisions)

![图3.8.5.1：Karamba3D模型与网格的碰撞](/files/-M9XuVuoS34YvdjPd2iv)

与结构优化相关，我们经常需要在不该有结构（例如：窗户、房间）的地方定义空间体积。一种方法是以确保空间体积不会与结构交叉的方式选择参数化。这通常很难实现。另一种方法是使用惩罚函数：参数化不排除**“wrong（错误）”**的解决方案，但使它们的性能比“**right（正确）”**的解决方案差。这就是**“Detect Collision（检测碰撞）”**运算器发挥其作用的地方。它分别以模型和网格作为输入，并确定模型与网格之间的碰撞次数。其结果以**“nColl”**形式反馈（如图3.8.5.1）。输入端口**“StartInd”**接受碰撞检测应从其开始的元素索引。默认情况下，包括模型的所有元素。


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